Reuters/Mohamad
Torokman (think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)
Ct1Mahani | SitiWanMahani - Israel
menghentikan undang-undang kontroversi untuk menempatkan semula 40,000 penduduk
Badwi dari Gurun Negev di selatan negara. Cadan-gan rang undang-undang tersebut
tercetus tuduhan ‘diskriminasi’ dan ‘pembersihan etnik’ dari kumpulan aktivis.
Keputusan
untuk menangguhkan Pelan Prawer kontroversi adalah mengumumkan oleh bekas
menteri kabinet Benny Begin, yang pada mulanya adalah seorang pengarang
dari-pada rancangan itu. Mulakan didedahkan pada sidang akhbar bahawa dia tidak
mendekati Badwi dengan rancangan itu dan tidak menerima mereka [Badwi]
kelulusan.
“Kami
bersetuju untuk menggalakkan bil hanya kerana Benny Mulakan berkata beliau
membincangkan rancangan itu dengan wakil-wakil Badwi dan bahawa ia adalah
satu-satunya garis mereka akan untuk bersetuju,” kata pengerusi pakatan MK
Yariv Levin, tetapi “ia telah mendedahkan bahawa dia [Benny yang Mulakan] tidak
membincangkan perkara itu dengan mereka [Badwi], dan tidak menerima sokongan
mereka.”
“Tidak
ada lagi majoriti pakatan menyokong rang undang Prawer . . . dalam bentuk
sekarang, kerana tidak ada justifikasi untuk berbuat demikian,” katanya. Menurut
Levin pelan semasa harus “menjalani perubahan besar” dan “tidak disampaikan
kepada sidang pleno Knesset untuk bacaan yang ke-2 dan yang ke-3 dalam beberapa bulan
akan datang.”
Mulakan
berkata beliau akan meneruskan usaha-usaha untuk meningkatkan komuniti Badwi di
Negev. Menurut beliau Perdana Menteri Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu menerima “cadangan
untuk menangguhkan rancangan beliau itu.”
Kumpulan
Badwi Arab gembira dengan pengumuman itu. Thabet Abu Rass, pengarah Negev
daripada ingin menyoal, kumpulan yang menekan hak-hak Arab di Israel, berharap “pelan
baru akan diperkenalkan tidak lama lagi.”
“Inilah
masanya bagi kerajaan untuk melibatkan diri dalam dialog yang lebih bermakna
dengan Badwi,” kata Abu Rass, “Badwi akan bekerjasama, mereka mahu bekerjasama.
Perkara yang terbaik adalah untuk bekerja bersama-sama.”
Mengikut
Pelan Prawer kontroversi, hampir diterima pakai oleh kerajaan Israel pada bulan
November (Prawer Plan, nearly adopted by the Israeli government in Novem-ber), sehingga 40,000 Badwi Arab harus dipindahkan dari rumah mereka di
Negev ke bandar-bandar yang diluluskan oleh kerajaan. Pelan ini juga
menyaksikan pero-bohan lebih 40 kampung-kampung dan rampasan 70,000 hektar tanah.
Pelan
ini adalah berdasarkan usaha untuk “lebih baik mengintegrasikan penduduk Badwi
Israel ke dalam masyarakat Israel,” kata kerajaan Israel. Walaupun pihak
berkuasa Israel berkata Badwi akan diberikan pampasan, pelan itu memberi
isyarat “diskriminasi yang sistematik dan pemisahan” Badwi, menurut AMAL yang
berpangkalan di UK, Kempen Per-paduan Palestin.
Kerajaan
telah pun memusnahkan kampung Badwi di Araqib (has already
destroyed the Bedouin village of Araqib) mengikut rancangan itu pada bulan
Ogos. Badwi telah ditawarkan tapak alternatif untuk berpindah, tetapi mereka
mengadakan protes terhadap dasar kerajaan.
Namun,
Israel menegaskan pelan itu bertujuan untuk menyediakan perkhidmatan asas yang Badwi
banyak kekurangan kerana kerajaan telah melabur beratus-ratus juta dolar dalam
perumahan, kesihatan, perkhidmatan awam dan pendidikan untuk Badwi.
Ramai
daripada mereka yang menentang pelan itu menawarkan alternatif kepada
meng-halalkan 35 kampung-kampung ini, tetapi pegawai-pegawai kerajaan berkata ia
adalah mustahil kerana infrastruktur kampung-kampung haram. Pelan
Prawer telah dikritik di seluruh DUNIA menyebabkan pelbagai bantahan dan
tuduhan pembersihan etnik dari banyak kumpulan aktivis.
Pada
bulan November, pada Hari kemarahan antarabangsa (on the international Day of Rage), beribu-ribu orang di seluruh
Israel membanjiri jalan-jalan di protes di kedua-dua Gaza City dan di
Baitulmuqaddis Timur. Lebih 1,200 penunjuk perasaan Badwi keluar dari
jalan-jalan di kampung Negev daripada Houra. Pada hari yang sama melihat
bantahan di UK sebagai orang di London, Brighton, Bristol dan Cardiff mengambil
jalan-jalan untuk menyuarakan terhadap rancangan Israel itu.
Setiausaha
PBB Ban Ki-moon pada Hari Antarabangsa Perpaduan dengan Rakyat Palestin memanggil
pihak berkuasa Israel untuk meninggalkan rancangan menempatkan semula puluhan
ribu Badwi Arab.
Palestin
juga telah mengutuk rancangan Israel, mengadakan tunjuk perasaan besar-besaran
terhadap Pelan Prawer. Rancangan
itu juga dikritik oleh beberapa media Israel yang berkata Badwi adalah “rakyat
Israel yang telah diberikan kewarganegaraan pada tahun 1950.”
Badwi
Negev ialah suku-suku nomad Arab kecil di kawasan Negev Israel yang tradisional
lebih dikenal pasti dengan Israel daripada mereka asal Arab. Penduduk Badwi di
Negev berjumlah lebih 200,000.
Hampir
90,000 tinggal di 46 kampung, 35 yang masih tidak diiktiraf oleh kerajaan
Israel kerana mereka telah membina tanpa perkhidmatan asas seperti bekalan
elektrik dan air. Pihak berkuasa Israel telah beransur-ansur mengambil
langkah-langkah untuk mening-katkan infrastruktur di kampung-kampung.
ISRAEL defers Controversial Bedouin Relocation plan
Israel
is halting a controversial law to relocate 40,000 of Bedouin residents from the
Negev Desert in the country’s south. The proposal of the bill sparked accusations
of ‘discrimination’ and ‘ethnic cleansing’ from activist groups.
The
decision to shelve a controversial Prawer Plan was announce by former cabinet
minister Benny Begin, who initially was an author of the plan. Begin revealed
at a press conference that he had not approached the Bedouin with the plan and
did not receive their [the Bedouin] approval.
“We
agreed to promote the bill only because Benny Begin said that he discussed the
plan with Bedouin representatives and that it was the only outline they would
agree to,” coalition chairman MK Yariv Levin said, but “it was revealed that he
[Benny Begin] did not discuss the matter with them [the Bedouins], and did not
receive their support.”
“There
is no longer a coalition majority supporting the Prawer bill . . . in its present
form, because there is no justification to do so," he added. According
to Levin the current plan should “undergo vast changes” and “not be presented
to the Knesset plenum for the second and third reading in the next few months.”
Begin
said he will continue the efforts to improve the Bedouin communities in the
Negev. According to him Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu accepted his
“recommendation to shelve the plan.”
The
groups of Bedouin Arabs were pleased with the announcement. Thabet Abu Rass,
the Negev director of Adalah, a group that presses for Arab rights in Israel,
hopes “a new plan will be introduced very soon.”
“It’s
time for the government to engage in a meaningful dialogue with the Bedouin,”
says Abu Rass, “The Bedouins will cooperate; they want to cooperate. The best
thing is to work together.”
According
to the controversial Prawer Plan,
nearly adopted by the Israeli government in November, up to 40,000 Bedouin Arabs were to be removed from their homes in
Negev to government-approved towns. The plan also saw the demolition of over 40
villages and confiscation of 70,000 hectares of land.
The
plan was based on an effort to “better integrate Israel's Bedouin population
into Israeli society,” says the Israeli government. Though the Israeli
authorities said the Bedouins would be granted compensation, the plan signaled
“systematic discrimination and separation” of Bedouins, according UK-based
charity, the Palestine Solidarity Campaign.
The
government has already destroyed the Bedouin village of Araqib in accordance
with the plan in August. The Bedouins were offered alternative sites to which
to relocate, but they held protests against the state policy.
Still,
Israel insisted the plan was aimed to provide basic services that many Bedouins
lack as the government has already invested hundreds of millions of dollars in
housing, health, public services and education for the Bedouin.
Many
of those who opposed the plan offered an alternative to legalize these 35
villages, but government officials said it was impossible because of the
villages’ illegal infrastructures.
The
Prawer Plan was widely criticized all over the world causing various protests
and accusations of ethnic cleansing from many activist groups.
In
November, on the international
Day of Rage, thousands of people across Israel
flooded the streets in protests in both Gaza City and in East Jerusalem. Over
1,200 Bedouin demonstrators came out of the streets in the Negev village of
Houra. The same day saw the protests in the UK as people in London, Brighton,
Bristol and Cardiff took to the streets to voice against Israeli plans.
The
UN Secretary Ban Ki-moon on the International Day of Solidarity with the
Palestinian People called upon Israeli authorities to abandon the plans to
resettle tens of thousands of Bedouin Arabs.
The
Palestinians have also condemned Israel’s plans, holding mass demonstrations
against the Prawer Plan. The
plan was even criticized by some Israeli media which said the Bedouins were
“Israel citizens who were granted citizenship in the 1950s.”
The
Negev Bedouins are small nomadic Arab tribes in the Negev region of Israel that
are traditionally more identified with Israel than their Arab origin. The
Bedouin population in the Negev totals over 200,000.
Nearly
90,000 live in 46 villages, 35 of which are still unrecognized by the Israeli
government as they were built without basic services such as electricity and
running water. The Israeli authorities have gradually taken measures to improve
the villages’ infrastructure.
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