SitiWanMahani - Selepas 10 tahun rundingan, Gazprom Rusia dan CNPC China akhirnya menandatangani perjanjian gas bersejarah yang menyediakan ekonomi yang paling pesat berkembang dengan gas semula jadi ia perlu seiring untuk 30 tahun akan datang.
Jumlah nilai kontrak adalah $ 400 bilion, kata Ketua Pegawai Eksekutif Gazprom Aleksey Miller. Walau bagaimanapun, harga gas ditetapkan dalam dokumen itu kekal sebagai "rahsia perdagangan."
Dengan andaian harga keseluruhan kontrak itu hanya kos bekalan gas Rusia , maka tanda harga $400 billion bermakna China akan membayar kira-kira $ 350 setiap 1,000 meter padu. Harga penghantaran bagi kontrak akan terikat dengan harga minyak pasaran, Putin berkata dari Shanghai pada Selasa.
Pelaburan infrastruktur dari kedua-dua pihak akan menjadi lebih daripada $ 70 bilion dan akan menjadi projek pembinaan yang terbesar di DUNIA, dengan Rusia menyediakan $55 billion di depan dan China $22 billion untuk saluran paip di wilayah masing-masing.
Ini adalah kontrak terbesar Gazprom setakat ini.
Rusia akan membekalkan China 38 bilion meter padu gas setahun melalui 'Kuasa Siberia' timur talian paip, yang melintasi Siberia dan sampai kawasan timur laut ramai penduduk China. Laluan berasingan yang boleh menyampaikan gas ke wilayah barat China dan memberikan kepelbagaian juga dalam kerja-kerja, menurut Putin.
Satu memorandum persefahaman telah ditandatangani di hadapan Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin dan Presiden China Xi Jinping pada hari kedua lawatan dua hari negeri Putin ke Shanghai.
Menurut Miller, perjanjian itu telah ditubuhkan melalui pada 4:00 petang waktu Shanghai apabila beliau memahami "semua isu-isu asas telah diselesaikan."
Pengeluar RT dimaklumkan daripada perjanjian tenaga mercu tanda sebelum perjanjian selepas perbualan dengan Miller.
Perjanjian itu datang sebagai sebahagian daripada skala yang lebih besar pangsi Rusia ke Asia dan terutamanya China sebagai negara Barat mengancam sekatan ke atas pergo-lakan di Ukraine.
Sekatan oleh Amerika Syarikat dan Kesatuan Eropah telah kebanyakannya terhad kepada pengharaman visa dan membeku aset di sesetengah pegawai tinggi Rusia, manakala seta-kat ini hanya mengancam pusingan ke-3 yang dipanggil sekatan ekonomi sebenar terha-dap perniagaan hidrokarbon Rusia.
Hanya menjelang lawatan Putin ke Shanghai, Perdana Menteri Rusia Dmitry Medvedev memberi jaminan bahawa harga yang dipersetujui akan berlaku adil.
"Satu bahagian sentiasa mahu untuk menjual dengan harga yang lebih tinggi, manakala yang lain mahu membeli dengan harga yang rendah," kata Medvedev. "Saya percaya baha-wa dalam jangka masa panjang, harga akan berlaku adil dan benar-benar setanding den-gan harga bekalan Eropah."
Satu kejayaan besar dalam rundingan datang pada hari Ahad sebagai ketua Gazprom Aleksey Miller duduk dengan rakan sejawatannya CNPC beliau, Zhou Jiping, di Beijing untuk membincangkan butiran akhir, termasuk formula harga.
Walaupun Eropah masih pasaran tenaga terbesar di Rusia - membeli lebih daripada 160 bilion meter padu gas asli Rusia pada 2013 - Moscow akan menggunakan setiap peluang untuk mempelbagaikan penghantaran gas dan meningkatkan kehadirannya di pasaran Asia.
"Saya tidak akan mencari politik di sebalik ini, tetapi saya tidak ragu-ragu yang membe-kalkan tenaga untuk Rantau Asia Pasifik memegang keluar janji yang besar pada masa depan," kata Medvedev.
Pada bulan Oktober 2009, Gazprom dan CNPC menandatangani perjanjian rangka kerja bagi projek Altai yang membayangkan membina saluran paip untuk membekalkan gas asli daripada bidang di Siberia melalui bahagian barat sempadan Rusia- China.
Pada bulan Mac 2013, Gazprom dan CNPC menandatangani memorandum persefahaman mengenai bekalan gas Rusia ke China bersama-sama 'Kuasa Siberia' timur yang dikenali sebagai laluan. Apabila kedua-dua saluran paip diaktifkan, Rusia boleh membekalkan Asia dengan 68 bilion meter padu gas setiap tahun.
Tahun lepas, China menggunakan kira-kira 170 bilion meter padu gas asli dan dijangka mengambil 420 billion meter padu setahun pada tahun 2020.
Russia and China seal historic $400bn gas deal
After 10 years of negotiations, Russia's Gazprom and China's CNPC have finally signed a historic gas deal which will provide the world's fastest growing economy with the natural gas it needs to keep pace for the next 30 years.
The total value of the contract is $400 billion, Gazprom CEO Aleksey Miller said. However, the price of gas stipulated in the document remains a "commercial secret."
Assuming the overall price of the contract includes only the cost of supplies of Russian gas, then the $400 billion price tag means China will pay about $350 per 1,000 cubic meters. Delivery price for the contract will be tied to market oil prices, Putin said from Shanghai on Tuesday.
Infrastructure investment from both sides will be more than $70 billion and will be the world's largest construction project, with Russia providing $55 billion up front and China $22 billion for pipelines on their respective territories.
This is Gazprom's biggest contract to date.
Russia will supply China 38 billion cubic meters of gas per year via the eastern 'Power of Siberia' pipeline, which crosses Siberia and reaches China's populous northeast regions. A separate route that could deliver gas to China's western provinces and provide diversification is also in the works, according to Putin.
A memorandum of understanding was signed in the presence of Russian President Vladimir Putin and President of China Xi Jinping on the second day of Putin’s two-day state visit to Shanghai.
According to Miller, the deal was set to go through at 4:00pm Shanghai time when he understood "all fundamental issues were resolved."
RT producers were informed of the landmark energy deal prior to its signing after a conversation with Miller.
The deal comes as a part of Russia’s larger-scale pivot to Asia and especially China as Western economies threaten sanctions over turmoil in Ukraine. Sanctions by the US and the EU have been mostly limited to visa bans and asset freezes on some of Russia’s top officials, while so far only threatening a so-called third round of real economic sanctions against Russian hydrocarbon businesses.
Just ahead of Putin's visit to Shanghai, Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev gave reassurance that the agreed price would be fair.
“One side always wants to sell for a higher price, while the other wants to buy for a lower price,” Medvedev said. “I believe that in the long run, the price will be fair and totally comparable to the price of European supplies.”
A major breakthrough in negotiations came on Sunday as Gazprom chief Aleksey Miller sat down with his CNPC counterpart, Zhou Jiping, in Beijing to discuss final details, including price formulas.
Although Europe is still Russia's largest energy market – buying more than 160 billion cubic meters of Russian natural gas in 2013 – Moscow will use every opportunity to diversify gas deliveries and boost its presence in Asian markets.
“I wouldn’t look for politics behind this, but I have no doubt that supplying energy to the Asia Pacific Region holds out a great promise in the future,” Medvedev said.
In October 2009, Gazprom and CNPC inked a framework agreement for the Altai project which envisions building a pipeline to supply natural gas from fields in Siberia via the western part of the Russia-China border.
In March 2013, Gazprom and CNPC signed a memorandum of understanding on Russian gas supplies to China along the so-called eastern 'Power of Siberia' route. When both pipelines are activated, Russia can supply Asia with 68 billion cubic meters of gas annually.
Last year, China consumed about 170 billion cubic meters of natural gas and is expected to consume 420 billion cubic meters per year by 2020.
READ MORE: http://on.rt.com/jjn3m8
