pakatan HarApan: Tertidur di tempat kerja: Pelancaran peluru berpandu Nuklear pegawai berkali-kali dikompromi keselamatan bunker . . .

Reuters (think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)

SitiWanMahani - Senjata nuklear strategik di Amerika Syarikat telah terjejas sekurang-kurangnya 2 kali ganda tahun ini. Pegawai-pegawai Tentera Udara mengakui bahawa 2 juruteknik peluru berpandu Amerika Syarikat ditugaskan dengan kekunci pelancaran ditemui berulang kali meninggalkan pintu letupan terbuka semasa tidur.

Associated Press telah belajar bahawa dalam kedua-dua episod pintu konkrit dan keluli untuk pelancaran bawah tanah pusat kawalan telah dibiarkan terbuka. Walau bagaimanapun, tentera udara Amerika Syarikat mengekalkan keselamatan telah tidak diabaikan “kerana pelbagai perlindungan dan perlindungan lain di tempat itu.”

Pintu letupan untuk senjata nuklear Amerika Syarikat tidak pernah dibiarkan terbuka jika salah seorang pegawai di dalam sedang tidur sebagai penceroboh boleh menjejaskan Kod pelancaran rahsia. Pegawai-pegawai di dalam bunker, yang dikenali sebagai missileers, adalah sebahagian daripada barisan pertahanan terakhir untuk melancarkan ICBMs Amerika Syarikat.

Arahan Tentera Udara pada ICBM keselamatan senjata berkata, “Satu ‘Crewmember’ pada satu masa boleh tidur bertugas, tetapi kedua-dua mesti sedar dan mampu mengesan satu tindakan yang tidak sah jika . . . Pelancaran Pusat Kawalan pintu letupan terbuka.”

AP tahu bahawa kedua-dua insiden berlaku pada bulan April dan Mei di 2 yang berbeza Amerika Syarikat kuasa pangkalan udara di North Dakota dan Montana. AP disahkan kedua-dua insiden dengan beberapa pegawai Tentera Udara yang lain.

Melanggar yang pertama pintu letupan dibiarkan terbuka sebagai salah satu daripada 2 anggota krew di dalam ‘napped’ itu melanggar Tentera Udara “peraturan keselamatan sistem senjata.” Salah satu pegawai yang terlibat dalam kejadian April di Wing Missile 91 di Minot Pangkalan Tentera Udara di North Dakota berbohong tentang acara sebelum mengakui pelanggaran.

Pegawai lain yang bertanggungjawab bagi pintu melanggar letupan pada bulan April mengaku semasa penyiasatan prosedur tanpa ditangkap.

Untuk pelanggaran mereka askar telah diberikan hukuman bukan kehakiman di bawah Kod Seragam Keadilan Tentera. Seorang pegawai menerima surat teguran dan terpaksa menyerahkan $ 2246 dalam gaji untuk 2 bulan, menurut Lt Kol John helaian, jurucakap Force Command Strike Global Air. Pegawai pelancaran lain yang juga mengaku banyak pelanggaran telah diberikan surat teguran, berkata helaian.

Satu lagi pelanggaran disahkan berlaku di Mei di Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana. Dalam kejadian ini, seorang pekerja penyelenggaraan dilaporkan pintu terbuka dengan timbalan komander krew tidur. Ketika disoal oleh pegawai atasan, timbalan komander krew mengaku, selepas pada mulanya menafikan tuduhan, kemudian mendakwa bahawa komander krew itu meminta beliau untuk berbohong, berkata helaian .

Sebagai hukuman, jurucakap itu berkata, dia telah diberi surat teguran dan mengarahkan untuk membatalkan $ 3045 dalam gaji selama 2 bulan. Timbalan komander krew telah diberikan surat teguran.

Jurucakap untuk Tentera Perintah Strike Global Air berkata Minot dan Malmstrom pelanggaran adalah letupan hanya pintu kes-kes disiplin dalam sekurang-kurangnya 2 tahun.

Tidur bersandar dibenarkan semasa peralihan 24 jam, yang juga dikenali sebagai “berjaga-jaga.” Tetapi peraturan yang menetapkan bahawa pintu direka untuk melindungi anak-anak kapal daripada kesan letupan serangan nuklear langsung, mesti ditutup jika seseorang itu tidur siang.

Komander Amerika Syarikat Air Force Command Strike Global di Barksdale Air Force Base di Louisiana, Leftenan Jeneral James Kowalski, dalam satu temu bual minggu lalu berkata bahawa dia tidak tahu apa-apa pelanggaran yang telah berlaku.

“Saya tidak sedar bahawa ia adalah apa-apa yang berbeza daripada ia pernah sebelum ini,” Kowalski dipetik oleh AP. “Dan jika ia telah berlaku di luar sana pada masa lalu dan telah diterima, ia tidak diterima sekarang. Jadi saya rasa ini adalah, jika kita tahu yang mereka lakukan, mereka akan dikenakan tindakan disiplin untuk itu.”

“Satu-satunya cara yang anda boleh mempunyai seorang crew member dalam ‘status lain’ adalah jika pintu letupan ditutup dan tidak ada kemungkinan sesiapa sahaja yang pusat kawalan pelancaran,” kata Leftenan Jeneral James Kowalski.

Asleep on the job: US nuclear missile launch officers repeatedly compromised bunker safety . . .

The strategic nuclear arsenal of the United States has been compromised at least twice this year. Air force officials admitted that two US missile technicians assigned with launch keys were discovered repeatedly leaving a blast door open while sleeping.

The Associated Press has learned that in both episodes a concrete-and-steel door to the underground launch control center was left open. However the US air force maintains security has not been compromised "due to the multiple safeguards and other protections in place."

The blast doors to US nuclear munitions are never to be left open if one of the officers inside is asleep as an intruder can compromise the secret launch codes. The officers inside the bunker, known as missileers, are part of the last line of defense for launching US ICBMs.

The Air Force instruction on ICBM weapon safety says, "One crewmember at a time may sleep on duty, but both must be awake and capable of detecting an unauthorized act if ... the Launch Control Center blast door is open.”

The AP learned that the two incidents occurred in April and May at two different US air force bases in North Dakota and Montana. The AP confirmed both incidents with several other Air Force officials.

In the first violation the blast doors were left open as one of two crew members inside napped thus violating the Air Force’s "weapon system safety rules." One of the officers involved in the April incident at the 91st Missile Wing at Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota lied about the event before admitting to the violation.

The other officer responsible for a blast door violation in April confessed during an investigation of procedures without getting caught.

For their violations the servicemen were given non-judicial punishment under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. One officer received a letter of reprimand and had to surrender $2,246 in pay for two months, according to Lt. Col. John Sheets, spokesman for Air Force Global Strike Command. The other launch officer who also admitted to numerous violations was given a letter of admonishment, Sheets said.

Another confirmed violation happened in May at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana. In this incident, a maintenance worker reported the door was open with the deputy crew commander asleep. When questioned by superiors, the deputy crew commander confessed, after initially denying the accusations, later claiming that her crew commander asked her to lie, Sheets said.

As punishment, the spokesperson said, she was given a letter of reprimand and ordered to forfeit $3,045 in pay for two months. The deputy crew commander was given a letter of reprimand.

The spokesman for Air Force Global Strike Command said the Minot and Malmstrom violations were the only blast door disciplinary cases in at least two years.

Sleep rests are permitted during a 24-hour shift, also known as an "alert." But the rules stipulate that the door designed to protect the crew from the blast effects of a direct nuclear strike, must be closed if one is napping.

Commander of the US Air Force Global Strike Command at Barksdale Air Force Base in Louisiana, Lieutenant General James Kowalski, in an interview last week said that he was unaware of any violations that have taken place.

"I'm not aware of it being any different than it's ever been before," Kowalski was quoted by AP. "And if it had happened out there in the past and was tolerated, it is not tolerated now. So my sense of this is, if we know they're doing it, they'll be disciplined for it."

"The only way that you can have a crew member in 'rest status' is if that blast door is shut and there is no possibility of anyone accessing the launch control center," said Lt. Gen. James Kowalski.

LGM-30G Minuteman balistik peluru berpandu antara benua (ICBM) (L) dan LG-118A peluru berpandu Peacekeeper (AFP Photo/US DoD – think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)

Bekas pegawai di ICBM pelancaran kawalan, Bruce Blair, memberitahu AP bahawa pelanggaran itu meningkatkan risiko pelancaran tidak dibenarkan.

“Pelanggaran Ini mungkin membantu membolehkan orang luar untuk mendapat akses ke pusat pelancaran itu, dan Kod super- rahsia,” kata Blair. “Pembatalan sedemikian mungkin berkesan meneutralkan untuk tempoh masa yang panjang keseluruhan Amerika Syarikat senjata nuklear strategik dan keupayaan Presiden untuk melancarkan kuasa-kuasa strategik manakala duduk di Pentagon untuk mengeluarkan semula kod baru,” katanya.

Dalam usaha untuk mendapatkan akses kepada pintu letupan penceroboh yang berpotensi untuk mengatasi beberapa halangan sebelum mencapai pintu multi-tan yang apabila ditutup dikunci dengan 12 pin keluli hidraulik dikendalikan. Pintu ini terletak bersebelahan dengan aci lif, akses kepada yang dikawal atas tanah dengan pelbagai kamera keselamatan dan unit rondaan. Setiap pusat pelancaran bawah tanah beroperasi 10 Minuteman 3 peluru berpandu.

Pendirian peluru disimpan di dalam konkrit bertetulang menara penyimpanan dan dikawal oleh kabel komunikasi dikebumikan. ICBMs adalah berkadaran dibahagikan “sayap” yang berpangkalan di North Dakota, Wyoming dan Montana. Setiap sayap kemudiannya berpecah kepada 3 skuadron, yang bertanggungjawab untuk 50 peluru berpandu.

Ini bukan kali pertama keselamatan senjata nuklear Amerika Syarikat telah membuat tajuk utama dalam beberapa bulan kebelakangan ini.

Awal bulan ini, Naib Laksamana Tim Giardina, timbalan komander kuasa nuklear Amerika Syarikat, telah dilepaskan daripada tugas sementara siasatan terus ke dalam tuduhan cip palsu yang digunakan oleh Giardina di kasino Iowa. Komander dipecat daripada jawatan itu selepas Tentera Laut mendapati bahawa beliau terlibat dalam skandal kasino pada bulan Jun yang terlibat “jumlah wang yang besar.”

Pada bulan Ogos, pegawai-pegawai Tentera Udara Amerika Syarikat mengakui bahawa unit peluru berpandu nuklear gagal pemeriksaan keselamatan dan keselamatan kepada 3 asas, menyebabkan 17 pegawai yang digantung daripada peluru berpandu operasi.

Wing Missile 341 beribu pejabat di Montana adalah salah satu daripada 3 pangkalan Amerika Syarikat yang mengekalkan dan mengendalikan Minuteman 3 peluru berpandu balistik antara benua. 2 daripada tiga asas telah menerima keputusan yang buruk dalam keselamatan dan pemeriksaan keselamatan; asas yang ke-3 adalah di Warren di Wyoming.

Former officer at ICBM launch control, Bruce Blair, told AP that such violations increase the risk of unauthorized launch.

"This transgression might help enable outsiders to gain access to the launch center, and to its super-secret codes," Blair said. "Such invalidation might effectively neutralize for an extended period of time the entire US strategic nuclear arsenal and the President's ability to launch strategic forces while the Pentagon scrambles to re-issue new codes," he added.

In order to gain access to the blast door a potential intruder has to overcome a number of obstacles before reaching the multi-ton door that when closed is locked by 12 hydraulically operated steel pins. The door is located next to an elevator shaft, access to which is controlled above-ground with numerous security cameras and patrol units. Each underground launch center operates 10 Minuteman 3 missiles.

The missiles stand is kept in a reinforced concrete storage tower and is controlled by buried communications cables. The ICBMs are proportionally divided in "wings" based in North Dakota, Wyoming and Montana. Each wing is then split into three squadrons, which are responsible for 50 missiles.

This is not the first time the safety of US nuclear arsenal has made the headlines in recent months.

Earlier this month Vice Admiral Tim Giardina, the deputy commander of US nuclear forces, was relieved of duty while an investigation continues into allegations of counterfeit chips used by the Giardina at an Iowa casino. The commander was fired from the post after the Navy found out that he was involved in a casino scandal in June that involved “a significant monetary amount.”

In August, US Air Force officials admitted that a nuclear missile unit failed a safety and security inspection on three of its bases, resulting in 17 officers being suspended from operating missiles.

The 341st Missile Wing headquartered in Montana is one of three US bases that maintains and operates the Minuteman 3 intercontinental ballistic missiles. Two of the three bases have received poor results during safety and security inspections; the third base is in Warren in Wyoming.